Wednesday, July 22, 2020

The Cloud and the Voice (LK 9:28-37)!

The Story of Jesus: The people of Israel were living under Roman rule and they were crying out and longing for God to send an 'anointed king' to rescue them. Jesus, not what they had expected, who was announced by John the Baptist, anointed by the Spirit and confirmed to be the ‘Son of God’ by the voice from heaven at his baptism (Luke 3:22). Jesus was led into the wilderness where he overcame the devil’s temptations and he came back in the power of the Spirit proclaiming the ‘kingdom of God’. He gathered a new twelve around himself. Jesus demonstrated his power and authority over demons, over sin, sickness and even death itself. In the previous story in Luke, Peter confessed that Jesus was the ‘Christ of God’. Jesus told them to keep quiet about this and further confused them by saying that the, “Son of Man must suffer many things and be rejected by the elders, chief priests and teachers of the law, and he must be killed and on the third day be raised to life.” He also told them all: “If anyone would come after me, he must deny himself and take up his cross daily and follow me (9:22-23).

The story of the ‘Transfiguration of Jesus’ follows the story of ‘Peter’s confession’ in each synoptic gospel. Mark and Matthew say it happened six days after Jesus spoke of the ‘coming kingdom’. Yet, Luke says it was “about eight days” later, so they may have set out six or seven days after the saying and they may have started to climb the mountain on the eighth day. The six-day reference may be to draw a parallel between the transfiguration and Moses preparing to receive the law on Mount Sinai.

So in the ‘transfiguration story’ Jesus took Peter, James and John with him and went up onto a mountain. This was a significant climb since Matthew and Mark say it was a ‘high mountain’ (Mt.17:1, Mk.9:2). Luke’s exclusively emphasizes Jesus taking Peter, James and John up the mountain to pray and that Jesus was praying when ‘his glory’ was revealed (Luke 9:28, 32). As he prayed the appearance of his face changed, and his clothes became as bright as a flash of lightning (Luke 9:29). Matthew says Jesus’ face shone like the sun. Both Matthew and Mark tell us Jesus was ‘transfigured’; a word from which we get the word ‘metamorphoses’.  Peter and John testify elsewhere (2 Pet. 1:16–18; John 1:14) of the ‘transfiguration’ as a revealing of Jesus' divine nature which was concealed during his earthly ministry. Here his disciples get a glimpse of the “brightness of His glory” (Heb. 1:3) to be revealed when he would come in Father’s glory and of the holy angels (Luke 9:26, 29, 21:27).

Luke then tells us of two men, Moses and Elijah, who appeared in glorious splendor.  They spoke about Jesus' departure, or his ‘Exodus’, which he was about to bring to fulfillment at Jerusalem. Peter and his companions ‘awake’ from their sleep to see Jesus’ glory and Moses and Elijah standing with Jesus. They see Jesus’ glory in continuity with Moses, Israel’s great deliverer and law-giver, and Elijah, Israel’s great prophet. God used Moses to form Abraham’s children into a nation and Elijah was at the beginning of a series of prophets calling for Israel’s renewal. The far greater Jesus brings bring these traditions together in a ‘New Exodus’ to be fulfilled in Jerusalem. So they get their eyes opened to God’s true King who will bring God’s reign into realization in his death, resurrection, and ascension all of which will be fulfilled in Jerusalem (9:31).

As the men, Moses and Elijah were leaving Peter said to Jesus, “Master, it is good for us to be here. Let us put up three shelters—one for you, one for Moses and one for Elijah.” Luke tells us that Peter didn’t know what he was saying. Jesus had told them how Jesus must suffer many things, be rejected and be killed. Jesus also said that his followers must ‘take up their cross daily’ and follow Jesus. That was heavy and almost incomprehensible message for the disciples. Now Peter was with Jesus, Moses and Elijah and he didn’t want them to prolong the wonder of the moment and so he wanted to build three shelters. However, Jesus was not equal among Moses and Elijah, but that Jesus stood alone in unique relationship with God. Jesus was the one to restore God's reign and bring a reconstituted Israel formed around him to fulfillment. The 'Shekinah Glory’ witnessed by Moses and manifested in the tabernacle and in Solomon’s temple was clearly present in Jesus (9:32, Ex.40:34-35, 1Kings 8:10-11)!

Then while Peter was speaking, a cloud appeared and covered them, and they were afraid as they entered the cloud. Then a voice from the cloud, said, “This is my Son, whom I have chosen; listen to him.” They tremble like Israel at Sinai and the voice from heaven affirms what was previously said at Jesus’ baptism. Luke emphasizes that Jesus is God’s Son, God’s chosen one and that the disciples must must listen to Jesus! Then after the voice had spoken, they found that Jesus was alone. This corresponds with the previous story but here what Peter and his companions failed to comprehend from their dialogue with Jesus, they are now learning by experience. Now as previously instructed (9:21), the disciples kept this to themselves, and told no one at that time what they had seen. The story concludes when the next day they came down from the mountain, and the met a large crowd (9:37).

Luke depicts that through prayer Jesus' glory is revealed and the eyes of his disciples’ were opened to see Jesus’ glory. His appearance and his garments were illuminated and Moses and Elijah, representing the law and the prophets, appear with Jesus. They speak about Jesus' departure (exodus). What Jesus had previously told his disciples would be fulfilled in Jerusalem (Luke 9:22). While Peter wanted to construct shelters and prolong the visit, the story comes to a climax when the cloud (God’s presence) covers them and the voice affirms what had previously been said at Jesus’ baptism (3:22). That Jesus is God's Son is here directed to Jesus’ disciples who had confessed Jesus to be Messiah. The voice confirms Jesus' unique Sonship who ends up alone in the disciples sight. Jesus is God’s Son—and while the way the kingdom would come (cross, resurrection) and the disciples own kingdom role (self-denial, cross-bearing) still didn’t make sense to them, what was clear was that they were to listen to God’s Son, Jesus! 

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